CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings Additional questions

CBSE Class 6 Science 

Chapter 9: The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

Additional Questions

1. How does the structure of the camel helps it to survive in desert conditions?
2. How does the structure of the fish helps it to live in water?
3. What is mean by adaptation?
4. What is mean by habitat?
5. Name the types of habitats with examples
6. What is mean by acclimatisation?
7. What are the two components of a habitat? Give examples
8. What does the desert animals like snacks and rats do to stat away the intense heat of the desert? 
9. What are adaptations of the desert plants, which helps them to survive in the hot desert region?
10. How does the structure of the plants and animals in the mountain region helps them to survive in the region?
11. Give some examples for the structure of animals which helps them to survive them in the cold mountain regions.
12. How does lion and deer adapted to its surroundings?
13. How do animals like dolphins and whales breath?
14. What is the function of roots in terrestrial  and aquatic plants?
15. Explain the leaf structure of the aquatic plants which are fully submerged in water?
16. How does the structure of frog help it to survive in both water and land?
17. How does plants excrete?
18. What are the characteristic of a living things?

Answers

1. Camels have long legs which help to keep their bodies away from the heat of the sand. They excrete small amount of urine, their dung is dry and they do not sweat. Since camels lose very little water from their bodies, they can live for many days without water. 
2. Fishes have streamlined shape, which help them to move inside water. Their slippery scales protects them and help in easy movement through water. Flat fins and tails  help them to change directions and keep their body balance in water. Gills present in the fish help them to use oxygen dissolved in water.
3. The presence of specific features or certain habits, which enable a plant or an animal to live in its surroundings, is called adaptation.
4. The surroundings where organisms live is called a habitat. The meaning of habitat is a dwelling place. Every organisms depend their habitat for their food, water, air, shelter and other needs. Several kinds of plants and animals may share the same habitat.
5. There are two types of habitats. They are terrestrial habitat and aquatic habitat. Examples of terrestrial habitats are forests, grasslands, deserts, coastal and mountain regions. Ponds, swamps, lakes, rivers and oceans are some examples of aquatic habitats
6. Small changes that take place in the body of a single organism over short periods, to overcome small problems due to changes in the surroundings, are called acclimatisation.
7.  The two components of habitat are biotic components and abiotic components. Plants and animals are biotic components, where as rocks, soil air and water are abiotic components of the habitat.
8. To stay away from the intense heat during the day, they stay in burrows deep in the sand. These animals come out only during the night, when it is cooler. 
9. Desert plants lose plants lose very little water through transpiration. The leaves in desert plants are either absent, very small, or they are present in the shape of spines. This helps in reducing loss of water from the leaves through transpiration. The stem is also covered with a thick waxy layer, which helps to retain water. Most desert plants have roots that go very deep into the soil for absorbing water.
10. Most of the trees in the mountain region are normally shaped and have sloping branches. The leaves of some of these trees are needle-like. This helps the rainwater and snow to slide off easily. Animals living in the mountain regions have thick skin or fur to protect them from cold. 
11. Yaks have long hair to keep them warm. Snow leopard has thick fur on its body including feet and toes. This protects its feet from the cold when it walks on the snow. The mountain goat has strong hooves for running up the rocky slopes of the mountains.
12. The light brown colour of the lion helps it to hide in dry grasslands when it hunts for prey. The eyes in front of the face allow it to have a correct idea about the location of its prey. Where as the long ears of the deer helps them to hear movements of predators. The eyes on the side of its head allow it to look in all directions for danger.  The speed of the deer helps them to run away from the predators. It has strong teeth for chewing hard plant stems of the forest.
13.  Dolphins and whales that do not have gills. They breathe in air through nostrils or blowholes that are located on the upper parts of their heads. This allows them to breathe in air when they swim near the surface of water. They can stay inside the water for a long time without breathing. They come out to the surface from time to time, to breath.
14. In terrestrial plants, roots normally play a very important role in the absorption of nutrients and water from the soil. However, in aquatic plants, roots are much reduced in size and their main function is to hold the plant in place.
15. Some of these plants, which are completely submerged in water have narrow and thin ribbon-like leaves.  These can bend in the flowing water. In some submerged plants, leaves are often highly divided, through which the water can easily flow without damaging them.
16. Frogs can stay both inside the pond water as well as move on land. They have strong back legs that help them in leaping and catching their prey. They have webbed feet which help them swim in water
17. Some harmful or poisonous materials do get produced in plants as wastes. Some plants find it possible to store the waste products within their parts in a way that they do not harm the plant as a whole. Some plants remove waste products as secretions.
18. The Characteristics of a living thing are

• All living things need food for their survival: plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Animals depend on plants and other animals for their food.
• All living things grow : All living things shows growth.
• All living things respire: Respiration is necessary for all living organisms. It is through respiration that the body finally obtains energy from the food it takes.
• All living things excrete:  All living organisms get rid of waste from their body
• All living things reproduce: All living things reproduce their own kind. There are different modes of reproduction in animals and plants
• All living things respond to stimuli
• All living things move
• All living things die